Even within the deep Earth, the southern hemisphere remains largely
undiscovered country. The limited amount of continental area and dearth of
seismic activity below 40 degS has kept much of the interior of the southern
hemisphere hidden. Nearly every available ocean island now has an FDSN
seismometer on it, but these data tend to be noisier than continental data,
and so record quality data from fewer seismic events. Deployments of
seismometers in Antarctica can therefore go a great distance toward helping to
increase resolution of the interior structure of the mantle and core. One
region of particular interest continues to be the boundary between the core
and mantle. Here, several unusual seismic variations are observed:
     * Lateral Variations in P and S velocities.
     * Scattering of PKP and Sdiff waves
     * Variable Anisotropy and Anomalous Vp/Vs structure.
     * Variable Attenuation.
     * D'' Discontinuity
     * Ultra-Low Velocity Zone
     * Outer Core Rigidity Zone
However, most observations of these features are in the northern hemisphere,
and we have very little idea of what the core-mantle boundary is like in the
southern hemisphere. Antarctica is at a good distance from many of the
Pacific-Rim seismogenic zones to record large numbers of body wave phases that
could address the above-listed features. In addition, there are many questions
currently addressing the structure of the inner core, such as anomalous
anisotropy, attenuation, and a possible increased rate of rotation of the
inner core. Most of the interesting structure of the core seems to be best
manifested in axis-parallel data, which comprise (interestingly?
suspiciously?) only a tiny part of the dataset used to examine the core. A
significant increase in seismic data recorded in Antarctica will greatly
increase the amount of axis-parallel seismic data paths, allowing a greater
chance of resolving anomalous inner core structures.